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    • 专利摘要:
    23 ABSTRACT Stackable wall spacer adapted for automated distribution using a feederdevice and adapted to support a reinforcement grid, where the wall spacercomprises a circumferential body section having an upper support surfaceadapted to support the reinforcement grid in a plurality of contact positions,and a plurality of leg sections each having a lower foot adapted to be placedon a mould surface for the concrete, where the outer shape of thecircumferential body section is larger than a mesh in the reinforcement gridthat is to be supported, where a leg section is provided with a void at anupper portion of a leg section, where the void is adapted to house a foot ofanother wall spacer, such that a plurality of wall spacers can be stacked oneach other with the feet of one wall spacer extending into the correspondingvoids of a subsequent wall spacer, where the side wall of a leg section is parallel with the side wall of a leg section of a subsequent wall spacer. The advantage of the invention is that the wall spacers can be stacked ineach other, which allows a cost-efficient storage and transportation of wallspacers. The invention further allows for wall spacers that can be distributedby using a hand-held or automatic feeder device. Further, a reinforcementgrid can be supported by a wall spacer regardless of the position of the spacer. (Figure 1)
    公开号:SE1550996A1
    申请号:SE1550996
    申请日:2015-07-08
    公开日:2017-01-09
    发明作者:Andersson Stefan
    申请人:Innovativ Plast I Väst Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    WALL SPACERTECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a stackable wall spacer adapted to beused for supporting reinforcement grids in concrete constructions. Thestackable spacer may be adapted for automated distribution using afeeder device. The size and shape of the spacer is such that it will givereliable support to the reinforcement grid even if the spacers are placedrandomly on the mould or form surface. The spacers can be distributedmanually, by the use of a hand-held feeder device or by the use of a semi-automatic or automatic feeder device. Due to the fact that the positioningof the spacers is not critical, a cost-effective spacer is provided.
    BACKGROUND ART Concrete constructions are normally provided with some kind ofreinforcement to increase the strength and to prevent cracking. Thereinforcement can be single reinforcement bars (rebars), reinforcementgrids/meshes or different kinds of fibres or other. Most common arereinforcement grids/meshes made from reinforcement bars of steel whenlarger areas are to be covered. For smaller areas or as a complement to the grids, single reinforcement steel bars are often used.
    To achieve the required properties in a construction, the reinforcement isplaced at different heights. This height creates a concrete cover aroundthe reinforcement in the finished construction. Reinforcement spacers areused to simplify the work of positioning the reinforcement at the prescribedheight and to maintain it there through the process until the concrete hasburned. The type of spacer used is influenced from e.g. regulations,demands from the users, the surrounding environment, natural resources or aesthetic opinions.
    The Concrete cover is defined as the smallest distance between thereinforcement material and the concrete surface of the completedconstruction. A concrete cover which differs from the requirements cannegatively affect the strength and life cycle of a construction. Therequirements on a concrete cover can be set by national regulations andmay vary depending on type of construction and on the surroundingenvironment. One purpose of the concrete cover is to prevent moisture toreach the reinforcement steel, in order to avoid the negative effectscorrosion has on the construction. Corrosion will, through its expansion,slowly break apart the nearby concrete, which causes more moisture toreach the steel which in turn accelerates the corrosion process. Over time this will weakens the construction strength.
    To provide support for the reinforcement, reinforcement spacers are used.These are often made from plastic and are designed to facilitate that theconcrete fully embraces the reinforcement and the spacers. Air pockets inthe final construction are not desirable and should be avoided. Dependingon the shape of the spacer, it must be provided with some kind ofapertures in order to provide escape ways for air to disappear when concrete is poured upon them.
    Reinforcement spacers are made from different materials. Most commonare spacers made from plastic, but steel, concrete and other materials arealso used. Plastic spacers have several advantages compared to othermaterials, such as ease of handling, low weight and generally low price,the manufacturing process is fast and spacers can easily be formed to adesired shape. Concrete spacers can be used in most constructions.However, the material makes them heavy and the design makes themmore complicated to work with. They are primarily used when plastic is notallowed. Steel spacers are primarily used as spacers inside constructions,e.g. between two layers of reinforcement grids. Steel spacers are seldom used as an outer spacer closest to the outer Concrete surface as this may cause corrosion problems.
    Depending on the field of application, reinforcement spacers are dividedinto two main groups, foundation spacers and wall spacers. Foundationspacers are primarily used for positioning reinforcement in foundations/ground plates, while wall spacers are primarily used for positioningreinforcement in walls, floors, joists and ceilings. The main difference isthe type of underlying surfaces that they are intended to be used on.
    Foundation spacers are designed to be used when the formwork surfaceis classified as soft and/or uneven, such as EPS (extruded polystyrene), abedding of coarse sand, gravel, grit or other free-draining material orground. The bearing surface of the spacer towards the ground has arelatively large area and often a large diameter to aid the spacer to standstable on the ground and not to dig in to the ground/EPS or to tip over.Since foundation spacers primarily are used for ground plates andfoundations, the spacer bearing surface will point downward and will notbe visible. Foundation spacers thus have no aesthetic significance. lt isimportant that the base plate area of the foundation spacer is largeenough not to punch the underlying surface and that it minimizes the riskof the foundation spacer tipping over.
    Wall spacers are often designed with thin legs and/or small feet. Theformwork surface is generally hard and even, being a mould, which helpsto prevent the spacer to tip over or to cut through the surface. When theformwork is removed, the spacer feet are made visible. At a surface notfurther processed, these feet will show in the concrete surface, especiallyif they are large, which is not desirable. Therefore wall spacers aredesigned with minimal feet and are also nearly always coloured like the surrounding concrete. Low visibility is important.
    Wall spacers are divided into different subgroups due to differences indesign and the way they are used. One type is referred to as |inearspacers. They are long and narrow. They support the reinforcementanywhere on its support area lengthwise and no exact positioning is thusrequired. Due to their length, up to 2 meters, they shorten the working timeof placing the spacers. Another subgroup comprises small individual wallspacers of different designs. The size is most often a few centimetres ineach direction, with different shapes that may e.g. be flat or circular. Theseare all manually fixed to the reinforcement. A third subgroup is circular orsquare grid spacers which are larger than a single mesh in areinforcement grid. Like |inear spacers, no exact positioning of the spacersis required and they are often used within the precast industry. A fourthsubgroup is the automated disc-shaped “wheel” spacers. They are oftenused in the precast industry, in fully automated production lines where thespacers are attached to rebars by an automatized mounting device. Also handheld mounting device can be used.
    AU 2006100538 describes a |inear wall spacer, having small feet adaptedfor the use as a wall spacer. A specific base segment can be attached tothe feet, such that the spacer can be used as a foundation spacer. US4942714 describes a |inear wall spacer. US 2005005564 describes astackable foundation spacer having an upper receiving section for fixedly retaining of a wire mesh or single reinforcement bars.
    DE 2821078 describes a circular grid spacer for walls adapted forproducing prefabricated modules, where the spacer can be placedrandomly on the mould. With a diameter larger than a single square in areinforcement grid, the spacer will always give support regardless of itsposition. DE 2809430 also describes a similar wall spacer that can bepositioned randomly.
    DE 7408515 shows different shapes of disc-shaped “whee|” spacersadapted for automated assembly of spacers on rebars, and also showshow the spacers are mounted to the rebars.
    DE 4218573 describes a disc-shaped “whee|” spacer and equipment forautomatically attach such spacers on reinforcement bars. Each spacerand the rebar must be in an exact position before any assembling is possible.
    There is thus room for an improved wall spacer.
    DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION An object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved stackablewall spacer for supporting a reinforcement grid. A further object of theinvention is to provide an improved stackable wall spacer which is adapted for automated distribution.
    The solution to the problem according to the invention is described in thecharacterizing part of claim 1 regarding the wall spacer. The other claimscontain advantageous embodiments and further developments of the wall spacer. ln a stackable wall spacer adapted to support a reinforcement grid, wherethe wall spacer comprises a circumferential body section having an uppersupport surface adapted to support the reinforcement grid in a plurality ofcontact positions, and a plurality of leg sections each having a lower footadapted to be placed on a mould surface for the concrete, where the outershape of the circumferential body section is larger than a mesh in thereinforcement grid that is to be supported, the object of the invention isachieved in that a leg section is provided with a void at an upper portion ofa leg section, where the void is adapted to house a foot of another wallspacer, such that a plurality of wall spacers can be stacked on each other with the feet sections of one wall spacer extending into the correspondingvoids of a subsequent wall spacer, where the side wall of a leg section isparallel with the side wall of a leg section of a subsequent wall spacer.
    By this first embodiment of the wall spacer according to the invention, awall spacer that can be stacked in a space efficient manner is provided.The wall spacer is intended to be used to support reinforcement grids inconcrete constructions when producing walls, floors, joists or ceilingsusing a mould or form. The size of the wall spacer is designed such thatthe wall spacer will always be able to support a reinforcement grid, i.e. thewall spacer will not be able to pass through the reinforcement grid. Theshape of the wall spacer can be selected freely, as long as the outerdimensions of the upper support surface is larger than a mesh of thereinforcement grid in at least one direction. For a circular wall spacer, thediameter of the wall spacer must be larger than the width of a quadraticmesh in the reinforcement grid. For a quadratic wall spacer, a side wall ofthe wall spacer must be longer than the width of a quadratic mesh in thereinforcement grid. For a wall spacer having another shape, or for areinforcement grid having rectangular meshes, the smallest width of thewall spacer in any direction must be wider than the smallest dimension ofthe mesh. ln this way, the wall spacer will be able to support thereinforcement grid regardless of the relative position between the wallspacer and the reinforcement grid. ln order to be able to stack the wall spacers in each other with the sameorientation, the leg sections must have inclined side walls and must beprovided with a void, such that a leg section of one wall spacer can extendinto the void of another wall spacer. When a first wall spacer is stackedwith a second wall spacer, the side wall of a leg section of the first wallspacer will be parallel with a side wall of a corresponding leg section of thesecond wall spacer. lt is important that at least a small part of a leg sectionextends into the void of a subsequent wall spacer. ln this way, the orientation of the wall spacers will be well defined which makes a stack ofwall spacers easy to handle. A leg section of one wall spacer preferablyextends into the void of a subsequent wall spacer with at least 30% of theheight of the wall spacer, and may extend into the void of a subsequentwall spacer with at least 50% or more of the height, depending on theheight of a wall spacer. The height of a wall spacer is the distancebetween the underside of a foot to the upper support surface.
    Due to the size and shape of a wall spacer, the wall spacers can easily beembraced by concrete and they can be positioned randomly and can stillsupport the reinforcement grid. Since the positioning of the spacers is notcritical, the distribution of spacers can be made in a time-saving mannere.g. using a feeder device. Further, the wall spacers must not be attachedto a reinforcement grid, which also save time. The shape of the wallspacer allows the spacers to be stacked in each other, which saves spaceduring transportation and storage. Both manual and automated handling of the spacers is also facilitated. ln an advantageous development of the invention, the wall spacercomprises a central opening which is adapted to be used for an automateddistribution of wall spacers. The central opening allows a stack of wallspacers to be inserted onto a hand-held feeder device through the centralopening, where the feeder device comprises an elongated body. The wallspacers can be released one by one by operating a release mechanism inthe feeder device. The feeder device operates outwards from the body ofthe feeder device, such that the feeder device holds and supports the wallspacers at a rim of the central opening. The rim of the central opening ispreferably interconnected with the body section through a plurality ofvertical connection walls. The use of connection walls provides an open wall spacer, which allows concrete to fill and surround the wall spacer. ln an advantageous development of the invention, the body section of the wall spacer comprises an outer side wall extending around the outer circumference of the wall spacer. ln this way, the strength and the stabilityof the wall spacer is improved. The outer side wall is preferably providedwith an outwards extending rim, which further improves the stability andthe strength of the wall spacer, and by which the number of possiblecontact positions for the reinforcement grid is increased. The body sectionmay also comprise an inner wall, preferably arranged adjacent the outerside wall. The outer and inner side walls are preferably interconnected bya p|ura|ity of vertical reinforcement walls, which connects the outer andinner walls to each other. ln this way, the stability of the wall spacer isincreased, and the reinforcement walls obviate the need for a bottombetween the outer and inner side walls. ln this way, the filling of concrete in and around the wall spacer is improved. ln an advantageous development of the invention, the outer shape of thewall spacer is quadratic. By using a symmetric shape, the handling of thewall spacer is simplified. ln an advantageous development of the invention, the outer shape of thewall spacer comprises three parts having a dividing angle of 120 degrees.With such a shape, the stability of the wall spacer is improved. Further, the amount of material required for the wall spacer is reduced. ln an advantageous development of the invention, a leg section is circularand conical. ln this way, the leg of one wall spacer will fit inside acorresponding leg of another wall spacer. ln this way, a p|ura|ity of wallspacers can be stacked where the side walls of corresponding legsections are parallel. Since each leg extends into a corresponding leg ofanother wall spacer, all wall spacers will be stacked with the sameorientation. This simplifies the transport and storage of the wall spacers,and simplifies the distribution of wall spacers using a feeder device. lt isalso possible that a leg section comprises at least two perpendicularstraight walls. The straight walls are also inclined somewhat, such that aleg of a wall spacer can extend into a corresponding leg section of another wall spacer where the side walls of corresponding leg sections areparallel. ln an advantageous development of the invention, the wall spacercomprises a plurality of ridges arranged on the outer and/or inner side walladapted to bear on the upper support surface of another wall spacer whenseveral wall spacers are stacked. ln this way, the wall spacers will notstick to each other when they are stacked, such that they can easily beseparated one by one when they are distributed by a feeder device.Further, a well-defined vertical interval for the stacked spacers is obtained. ln an advantageous development of the invention, the wall spacer isfurther provided with a number of upward protruding pins, adapted toprevent a wall spacer from being dispositioned by the concrete when alarge quantity of concrete is poured into a mould. With the protruding pins,the wall spacer will stay in the selected position. A recess is preferablyarranged in the outer side wall of the body section below a pin, such thatthe pin can extend into a recess when two wall spacers are stacked oneach other.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The invention will be described in greater detail in the following, with reference to the embodiments that are shown in the attached drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a wall spacer according to theinvention, Fig.2 shows a development of a wall spacer according to theinvention, Fig. 3 shows another development of a wall spacer according to the invention, Fig. 4 shows a plurality of wall spacers according to the inventionsupporting a reinforcement grid, andFig. 5 shows a stack of wall spacers according to the invention.
    MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The embodiments of the invention with further developments described inthe following are to be regarded only as examples and are in no way tolimit the scope of the protection provided by the patent claims.
    Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a wall spacer according to the inventionadapted to support reinforcement grids. The wall spacer 1 comprises abody section 2 which forms the body of the wall spacer. The body sectioncomprises a plurality of leg sections 4, where each leg section comprisesat least one foot 5. A foot is adapted to be placed on the lower surface of amould or form in which a concrete element is created. A concrete elementmay be e.g. a wall element, a floor element, a joist or a ceiling element.The concrete element may be either a prefabricated concrete element ormay be a concrete element that is built at a building site. This supportsurface of the mould or form is a rigid, hard surface on which small feetcan stand without sinking into the surface. lt is also possible to attach wallspacers to a reinforcement grid when a vertical wall is produced betweentwo vertical mould surfaces, in order to provide a predefined distancebetween the reinforcement grid and the mould surfaces.
    The wall spacer further comprises an upper circumferential supportsurface 3 adapted to support a reinforcement grid in a plurality ofpositions. The size of the spacer and thus the outer circumferential 10 ofthe upper support surface is such that it is larger than a mesh in thereinforcement grid. ln this way, the wall spacer can always support areinforcement grid, regardless of where the wall spacer is positionedrelative the reinforcement grid. The upper support surface is preferablyflat, but may also comprise a plurality of protrusive surface elements 11 having their upper surface positioned in the same horizontal plane, suchthat a reinforcement grid can be supported by the support surfaces.
    The body section comprises a p|ura|ity of leg sections 4. A leg section isdefined as a part of the wall spacer that comprises a foot 5 which isadapted to stand on the support surface with a small foot print. A legsection is preferably provided with inclined side walls 19 such that a leg ofone wall spacer can extend into a leg section of another wall spacer whena p|ura|ity of wall spacers are stacked on each other. When a first wallspacer is stacked on a second wall spacer, the inclined side walls of a legsection of the first wall spacer will be parallel with the inclined side walls ofa corresponding leg section of the second wall section. A leg section isthus hollow or comprises a void. ln one example, a leg section is a conical,hollow leg as shown in Fig. 1. A conical shape gives a strong leg with aminimum of material usage. A wall spacer must sometimes withstand aweight of more than 100 kg, since a wall spacer must be able to bear theweight of a reinforcement grid and a worker running on the reinforcementgrid. The circumferential side wall of the conically shaped leg section maybe closed or may comprise a cut-away section such that the conical shapeis open. An open shape allows concrete to fill the leg and allows air toescape. The wall spacer shown in Fig. 1 has a height of approximately 40mm. Each leg section is thus approximately 40 mm high, and the legsections extend out from the body section by approximately 30 mm. Theheight of a wall spacer is the distance between the underside of a foot tothe upper support surface. The circumferential conical side wall of a legsection ends in a pointed foot 5, in order to provide a small foot print. Thefoot may be pointed or may be provided with a radius. The area of anupper portion 7 of a leg section is always provided with the largest area ofa leg section, such that a lower part of a leg section always fits in theupper portion of a leg section. The upper portion 7 of a leg section isintegrated with the body section and thus with the outer side wall 12, and with an inner side wall 11 if an inner side wall is used. 12 A further example of a leg section is shown in Fig. 2, where a wall spacerhaving a height of approximately 15 mm is shown. ln this example, a legsection is 15 mm high, with the leg section extending out from the bodysection by approximately 5 mm. Here, the leg section resembles atruncated cone where the side wall of the leg section is shaped to provide two feet.
    A leg section may have different shapes and sizes, but a foot of a legsection must always fit inside an upper part of another leg section, suchthat two wall spacers can be stacked on each other. A leg section mayalso comprise two straight side walls with an angle between them, e.g.perpendicular walls or walls with an acute or obtuse angle, where thestraight walls are somewhat inclined in a vertical direction. ln this way, aleg section can extend into the void of a leg section of another wall spacerwhen several wall spacers are stacked, with the side walls of the leg sections being parallel.
    A leg section may also have other different shapes, such as a semi-circular shape, an inverted pyramid shape, a part conical shape etc., aslong as the side walls of the leg section are somewhat inclined such that aleg section of one wall spacer can fit in a corresponding leg section ofanother wall spacer when the wall spacers are stacked. The side walls 19of the leg section 4 must be inclined inwards in relation to a vertical axis,such that a conically shaped void is created inside the leg section. Anangle of e.g. 11 degrees with relation to a vertical axis is used in theshown examples, but a range between 7 to 20 degrees may be suitable. lfthe angle is too small, the leg section of a wall spacer will not fit in the voidof another leg section in an optimal way. With a larger angle, the stability of a leg section will decrease.
    Fig. 3 shows a further example of a wall spacer according to the invention.ln this example, the leg sections 4 are square with somewhat inclined sidewalls 19. ln the shown example, the side walls of the leg section are 13 provided with recesses in order to allow Concrete to flow through and toallow air to escape. Each lower corner of the leg section is pointed andconstitutes a foot 5. Several leg sections are interconnected to each otherthrough the side walls of adjacent leg sections and by the outer side wall12 and the connection walls 13. ln this example, the body section of thewall spacer is only provided with an outer side wall 12, where the outerside wall and the inner rim 9 of the central opening are interconnected bythe upper portions of the leg sections and connection walls. lt is alsopossible to provide the portion at the central opening with leg sections. lnthis way, the inner rim of the central opening will further add to the stabilityof the upper support surface with the help of the additional feet. ln the shown example, the wall spacer is further provided with a number ofupward protruding pins 17. Here, the pins are positioned at the outer rim15 of the body section. The purpose of the pins is to prevent a wall spacerfrom being dispositioned by the concrete, when a large quantity ofconcrete is poured into a mould, especially if the concrete is poured fromone side of the mould, e.g. when using concrete that must not be vibrated.With no pins, there is a risk that the concrete may push a wall spacer fromthe selected position to another position. When vibration tables are usedto vibrate the concrete in order to remove air, there may also be a risk thata wall spacer moves to another position due to the vibrations. With theprotruding pins, the wall spacer will stay in the selected position. The pindoes not add to the defined height of a wall spacer.
    A recess 18 is preferably arranged in the outer side wall of the bodysection below a pin 17. ln this way, the pin can extend into a recess whentwo wall spacers are stacked on each other. The recess allows the pin tobe high enough to securely interact with the rebars of a reinforcement gridin a horizontal direction. lt is possible to give the pins a height such thatthe upper surface of a pin bears on the lower surface of the outer rimwhen two wall spacers are stacked on each other. The pins may in this 14 case replace or complement the ridges 16 in order to provide a defineddistance between the wall spacers in a stack of wall spacers. lt is also possible that a leg section comprises a single side wall section,i.e. a part of a larger side wall, having a lower foot. Such a wall spacer willbe somewhat weaker than wall spacers having a leg section that is conicalor comprises more than one side wall, but may be sufficiently strong forprefabrication elements where workers do not walk on the reinforcement grid.
    The body section 2 is provided with an outer rim 15 that extends outwardsfrom the outer side wall 12. The outer rim is in this example part of theupper support surface. The outer circumference 10 of the outer rim thussets the size of the support surface. The size of the support surface issuch that it is larger than a mesh in the reinforcement grid that is to besupported. For a round wall spacer, the outer diameter of the outer rim isthus larger than the mesh size of the reinforcement grid. When the wallspacer has another shape, the outer limit of the outer rim is such thatregardless of how the wall spacer is positioned, it will be larger than amesh of the reinforcement grid. By securing that the wall spacer canalways support the reinforcement grid without the spacer passing througha mesh, the wall spacer can be distributed randomly on the mould surface.An exact positioning is thus not required, which saves time. Further, afeeder can be used which distributes spacers semi-automatically or fully automatically, which allows even more time to be saved.
    The outer rim will further increase the support area for the reinforcementgrid and will also prevent the reinforcement grid to cut through the supportsurface and to damage the wall spacer. The rim should extend around thecomplete spacer without interruptions. ln one shown example, the bodysection also comprises an inner side wall 11 arranged adjacent the outerside wall. The outer and inner side walls are interconnected by a plurality of vertical reinforcement walls 14, which connects the outer and inner side walls to each other. ln this way, the upper part of the inner side wall willalso be part of the upper support surface. The inner side wall will alsoincrease the stability of the wall spacer, and the reinforcement wallsobviate the need for a bottom between the outer and inner side walls. ln this way, the filling of concrete in and around the wall spacer is improved.
    The centre of the wall spacer is provided with a central opening 8. Thecentral opening 8 is preferably arranged symmetrically around a centreaxis of the wall spacer. The central opening is adapted to interact with afeeder device adapted to release one wall spacer at the time, e.g. whenpressing a handle. The central opening is provided with an inner rim 9extending inwards towards the centre of the central opening. The inner rimmay be provided with a vertical wall in order to stabilize the inner rim.Release means, such as release balls, arranged at the feeder device willbear against the inner rim of the wall spacer. The inner rim will also becomprised in the upper support surface and will help to distribute the loadof the reinforcement grid. The inner rim is connected to the outer side walland the inner side wall by connecting walls 13. The connection walls mayalso be part of the upper support surface and may also help to distributethe load to the leg sections.
    Since the upper support surface is flat and is situated in one plane anddoes not comprise any holding means for reinforcement bars, the wallspacer is mainly intended for supporting reinforcement grids. lt is of coursepossible to use it for support of other types of suitable reinforcementstructures as well. The wall spacer can be randomly placed and will stillsupport reinforcement grids.
    The size and design of the wall spacer allows them to be placed atrandom positions and still be able to give a good support for areinforcement grid. There are no regulations that stipulate the requirednumber of spacers needed to support a given reinforcement grid. With the inventive wall spacer, the exact number of wall spacers and the exact 16 position of each spacer are not important, since the reinforcement grid isalways supported by each spacer. The size of the upper support surfaceof the wall spacer is adapted to the size of the meshes in the reinforcement grid that is to be supported.
    The outer shape of the wall spacer may have different shapes. A circu|aror quadratic shape is possible, but in the shown examples, a shaperesembling three semi-circu|ar parts having a dividing angle of 120degrees is used. Other shapes are also possible, but this shape isadvantageous in that it provides a plurality of support points for areinforcement grid. Preferably, the outer circumferential shape of the wallspacer is continuous around the wall spacer, with no parts sticking outfrom the outer surface in a horizontal direction. ln order to improve thestrength of the wall spacer, and to provide more support points, the semi-circu|ar parts are interconnected by one or more connection walls. Theconnection walls may also be provided with one or more leg sections. Thishelps to stabilize the wall spacer and provides further support surfaces,such that the weight of the reinforcement grid is distributed on moresupport points.
    The wall spacer is preferably provided with ridges 16 adapted to define thespacing in height between two spacers when they are stacked on eachother. A ridge is preferably provided at the upper portion 7 of a leg sectionand extends downwards such that the desired height spacing is obtained.A suitable spacing in height between two wall spacers may be e.g. 12 mm,and is preferably in a range between 8 to 30 mm. The ridges will alsofacilitate the stacking of spacers. The height of the ridges are such that thebearing surface of a ridge will stand on the upper support surface ofanother spacer when stacked, which prevents the leg sections of the wallspacers to stick in each other when they are stacked. This makes it easierto part a stack of spacers. The ridges define the spacing in height, i.e.vertical interval, between the spacers. A well-defined vertical interval is 17 advantageous in that it simplifies the feeding of stacked spacers from afeeder device. lt is also possible to provide ridges on other positions, e.g.on the outer side of a side wall, in order to define the stacking distance between two spacers.
    With a spacing in height of 12 mm between two wall spacers, a leg sectionof a spacer having a height of 40 mm will extend into the void of anotherleg section with 70%. A wall spacer having a height of 20 mm will in this case extend into the void of another leg section with 40%.
    The wall spacer is mainly adapted to be distributed by a feeder device,even if it possible to distribute them by hand by a user. Since the wallspacers shown in Figs. 1 to 3 can be placed randomly and must not bepositioned exactly, they are time efficient and easy to use. Compared toother wall spacers, the time for distributing such a stackable wall spacercan be reduced considerably by using a handheld feeder device or anautomated feeder device.
    Fig. 4 shows a plurality of wall spacers supporting a reinforcement gridfrom above. ln this example, the outer shape comprises three partsdivided with an angle of 120 degrees. The shape slightly resembles aclover leaf shape. Other shapes are of course also possible, as long asthe shape is larger than a mesh in the reinforcement grid that is to besupported. ln this example, the wall spacer is intended for a reinforcementgrid 20 with a mesh 21 size of 20 cm. The outer shape of the supportsurface is thus larger than a square of 20*20 cm. ln this way, the wallspacer will always be able to support the reinforcement grid, regardless ofhow the grid is positioned on the spacer. The reinforcement grid will not beable to fall down due to a misaligned spacer. As can be seen in Fig. 4, awall spacer will always support the reinforcement grid at several supportpoints, regardless of the relationship between the position of a wall spacerand the reinforcement grid. 18 Fig. 5 shows a stack 22 of wall spacers 1. A stacked pile of wall spacerssaves space during transportation and storage. A stack of wall spacers ispreferably packed as a packing unit comprising e.g. 50 wall spacers. Sucha packing unit can easily be loaded onto a feeder device for a subsequentdistribution of wall spacers on a mould surface. The feeder device may bea manually operated feeder device operated by a user, but may also be anautomated or semi-automated feeder device running on wheels. When thewall spacers are used in an automated precast industry, the wall spacersmay also be distributed by a robot. Robots are often used to lift andposition the reinforcement grid, and can also be used to distribute the wallspacers. A handheld feeder device holds the stack of wall spacers on acentral body where the release mechanism operates outwards from thebody of the feeder device. The handheld feeder device preferablycomprises a body which is elongated and may be a rod or a similarelement. The outer shape of the body may be circular or may have another shape.
    The invention is not to be regarded as being limited to the embodimentsdescribed above, a number of additional variants and modifications beingpossible within the scope of the subsequent patent claims. The wallspacer may have any size and may be made from any suitable material.Other shapes are also possible. 19 REFERENCE SIGNS ¿.CP ¿¿¿ ¿:P ¿.UF ¿9 ¿h' ¿_09 ¿F N.CP NNNr* Wall spacer Body section Upper support surfaceLeg section Foot Void Upper portion of leg sectionCentral opening lnner rim Outer circumferencelnner side wall Outer side wallConnection wallReinforcement wallOuter rim Ridge Pin Recess Side wall of leg sectionReinforcement gridMesh Stack of wall spacers
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1] 1. Stackable wall spacer (1) adapted to support a reinforcement grid(20), where the wall spacer (1) comprises a circumferential bodysection (2) having an upper support surface (3) adapted to supportthe reinforcement grid in a p|ura|ity of contact positions, and ap|ura|ity of leg sections (4) each having a lower foot (5) adapted tobe placed on a mouid surface for the concrete, where the outershape of the circumferential body section (2) is larger than a mesh(21) in the (20)supported, c h a ra cte rized in that a side wall (19) of a leg reinforcement grid that is to besection (4) is inclined and that a leg section (4) is provided with avoid (6) at an upper portion (7) of the leg section (4), where the void(6) is adapted to house a leg section (4) of another wall spacer (1),such that a p|ura|ity of wall spacers (1) can be stacked on eachother with the leg sections (5) of one wall spacer (1) extending intothe corresponding voids (6) of a subsequent wall spacer (1), wherethe side wall (19) of a leg section (4) is parallel with the side wall (19) of a leg section (4) of a subsequent wall spacer (1).
    [2] 2. Stackable 1, c h a ra cte r i z e d in that a leg section (4) extends into the wall spacer according to claim void (6) of a subsequent wall spacer (1) with at least 30% of theheight of the wall spacer.
    [3] 3. Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to 2, c h a ra cte rized in that the wall spacer (1) comprises acentral opening (8) which is adapted to be used for an automateddistribution of the wall spacer.
    [4] 4. Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the body section (2) comprises an 21 outer wall (12) extending along the outer circumference (10) of thewall spacer (1).
    [5] 5. Stackable wall spacer according to claim4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the body section (2) comprises aninner wall (11) arranged between the outer wall (12) and the central opening (8).
    [6] 6. Stackable wall spacer according to claim5, ch a ra cterized in that the inner wall (11) and the outer wall (12) are interconnected by reinforcement walls (14).
    [7] 7. Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the outer shape of the wall spacer is quadratic.
    [8] 8. Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the outer shape of the wall spacercomprises three parts having a dividing angle of 120 degrees.
    [9] 9. Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to8, c h a ra cte rized in that a leg section (4) is circular and conical.
    [10] 10.Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to8, characterized in that a leg section (4) comprises atleast two straight walls.
    [11] 11.Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to10, characterized in that a leg section (4) comprises a plurality of feet (5).
    [12] 12.Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to11, characterized in thata sidewallofa leg section (4) is 22 inclined with an angle between 7 and 20 degrees in relation to a vertical direction.
    [13] 13.Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 3 to12, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the central opening comprises a5 rim (9) which is interconnected with the body section (2) through connection walls (13).
    [14] 14.Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to13, c h a ra cte rized in that the wall spacer comprises aplurality of ridges (16) arranged at the upper portion (7) of a leg10 section, where a ridge (16) is adapted to bear on the upper supportsurface (3) of another wall spacer when several wall spacers arestacked.
    [15] 15.Stackable wall spacer according to any of claims 1 to14, characterized in that the wall spacer comprises a15 plurality of upward protruding pins (17) arranged at the upper support surface (3).
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1550996A|SE539746C2|2015-07-08|2015-07-08|Stackable wall spacer for supporting a reinforcement grid inconcrete constructions|SE1550996A| SE539746C2|2015-07-08|2015-07-08|Stackable wall spacer for supporting a reinforcement grid inconcrete constructions|
    EP16821744.6A| EP3320157A4|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete constructions|
    KR1020187003475A| KR20180039060A|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Laminated Wall Spacers to Support Reinforcement of Concrete Structures|
    MX2017015808A| MX2017015808A|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete constructions.|
    EA201890243A| EA034179B1|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer|
    CA2990375A| CA2990375A1|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete constructions|
    AU2016289631A| AU2016289631B2|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete constructions|
    PCT/SE2016/050692| WO2017007415A1|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete constructions|
    JP2018500413A| JP6975130B2|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacers to support reinforcements in concrete structures|
    CN201680039745.6A| CN107735535B|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete construction|
    US15/736,100| US10246878B2|2015-07-08|2016-07-06|Stackable wall spacer for supporting reinforcement in concrete constructions|
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